In carrying out airstrikes on Pakistan, Syria, and Iraq, the nation is also grappling with challenges from its proxy forces, particularly the Houthis, who are actively targeting global shipping in the Red Sea. Additionally, terrorist groups supported by this country, such as Hamas in the Gaza Strip and Hezbollah in Lebanon, are engaged in conflicts with Israel. Despite these tensions, the current situation does not necessarily suggest an imminent World War Three. Historical context shows that world wars typically involved uniting various regional conflicts, like the First World War rooted in empires and the Second World War driven by ideological clashes.
Iran, with a rich history, has been a contentious actor in the Middle East since the Islamic revolution of 1979. While not actively seeking a world war, Iran’s actions contribute to regional instability. The recent escalation includes airstrikes by the US and UK on Houthi fighters in Yemen, aiming to halt their attacks in the Red Sea. This has triggered a broader activation of Iran’s network of Shia militias across the Middle East, participating in conflicts with Israel and launching attacks on multiple fronts.
Although the ongoing confrontations are intense, they have so far stayed below the threshold of a full-blown regional war. Iran’s armed groups share a common goal of achieving a ceasefire in Gaza, but their actions have come at a significant cost, with casualties and damage in Lebanon, Iraq, and Yemen. The recent escalation also poses risks for Iran, as a full-scale war with the US could lead to the decimation of its paramilitary partners, jeopardizing its influence in the region and causing domestic unrest.
Balancing tactical gains against the risk of a larger conflict presents foreign policy challenges for US President Joe Biden. The importance of a ceasefire in Gaza is highlighted as a potential de-escalation factor in the region. While both the US and Iran-backed actors seek to navigate their confrontations cautiously, the situation remains precarious, with ongoing clashes and potential geopolitical ramifications.
Recent developments include Pakistan conducting strikes inside Iran, targeting Baloch militants, following Iran’s claim of attacking a group within Pakistani territory. This marks a significant cross-border intrusion, leading to condemnation from Iran and diplomatic tensions between the two countries. Pakistan asserts that its operation aimed to target terrorist hideouts for its own security, emphasizing respect for Iran’s sovereignty. The situation has prompted the Pakistani Prime Minister to cut short his visit to the World Economic Forum and return home.